LAS NIÑAS EN MATRIMONIOS Y UNIONES INFANTILES, TEMPRANAS Y FORZADAS: CAUSAS Y CONSECUENCIAS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31512/19819250.2024.25.02.338-364Palabras clave:
MUITF, niñas adolescentes, normas sociales, género, Guatemala.Resumen
El Matrimonio/Unión Infantil Temprano y Forzado (MUITF) o matrimonio infantil involucra a personas menores de 18 años y se reconoce como una práctica dañina debido a sus efectos adversos al forzar, especialmente a las niñas, a desempeñar actividades para las que no están ni física ni emocionalmente preparadas, y las aleja de cualquier posibilidad de mayor crecimiento y desarrollo personal. Esta práctica aumenta según disminuye el nivel de renta, de educación, se viva en ámbitos rurales y/o se trate de poblaciones indígenas, estando así atravesado por brechas sociales, económicas y de educación. En Guatemala el MUITF se mantiene normalizado constituyendo un obstáculo para la igualdad de género e invisibilizando esta práctica. Este artículo expone un recorrido por las diversas causas subyacentes por las que los MUITF suceden y el complejo entramado que resulta de la combinación de discriminación contra las niñas basada en falta de educación, poca valorización que las sociedades les otorgan, precariedad económica exacerbada por situaciones de crisis que aumenta la inseguridad de las niñas, incumplimiento de las leyes para protegerlas, prácticas nocivas basadas en normas sociales de género y el papel de la sexualidad. El capítulo finaliza presentando las consecuencias del MUITF en las vidas de las niñas.
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